Living under the uncertainty of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has sparked many concerns and questions worldwide. Though it is widely understood that the virus spreads rapidly and the nation is in the midst of a pandemic, people grapple with how to manage the emerging infection. Communities work to restrict the movement of people, and everyone is doing his or her part to social distance. But what to do if you in fact contract the illness? How do you best treat symptoms of COVID-19?
International researchers and healthcare professionals, working to provide us the most up to date information possible, are sharing some new tips in March 2020 to manage COVID-19 infections. (1)
Ibuprofen: Can I Use It Or Not?
A recent concern prompted by a recommendation from the World Health Organization (WHO) over the use of ibuprofen during coronavirus infections has been rectified. As of March 18, 2020, WHO and other health groups around the globe okay the use of ibuprofen in the management of COVID-19 symptoms. Beyond the drug’s usual side effects, there are no known additional negative outcomes from managing COVID-19 symptoms with this common over-the-counter medication (also referred to as Motrin or Advil). (1, 2)
The classification of ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or for short, NSAIDs. NSAIDs are not ideal drugs for everyone and are, therefore, not recommended for everyone. Specifically, NSAIDs should not be taken by those with diminished circulation, heart disease, and a history of gastrointestinal bleeding. (3)
What Does The Research Say?
There has been past research indicating that some respiratory infections and diseases (ie. asthma) can worsen symptoms and cause greater complications when treated with ibuprofen. An explanation as to why this happens is not clear. But some experts believe ibuprofen ‘dampens’ the body’s immune response. However, it must be noted that no such evidence exists for COVID-19.
Professor Parastou Donyai at the University of Reading reinforced this sentiment when speaking to BBC on March 17, 2020. She said, “I have not seen any scientific evidence that clearly shows a totally healthy 25-year-old taking ibuprofen for symptoms of COVID-19 is putting themselves at additional risk of complications.” (3)
What About Acetaminophen?
Both acetaminophen and ibuprofen are well-known medications to treat fevers, diminish body aches, and manage other flu-like symptoms. As an NSAID, patients with multiple health conditions or the elderly are being urged by some doctors to be assessed for ibuprofen use on a case-by-case basis during the coronavirus outbreak. Meanwhile, acetaminophen (not an NSAID) remains a safe choice for nearly everyone impacted by infection. Acetaminophen (ie.Tylenol), tends to be an especially great supplement to other cold and flu medications. A maximum dose of acetaminophen in 24 hours is 3,000 milligrams for adults. (1, 3)
If I Get Coronavirus, What About My Other Regular Medications?
Like ibuprofen, some misinformation has been circulating online regarding heart and asthma medications. Of particular concerns, heart medications classified as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are thought to worsen COVID-19 symptoms. ACE and ARB medications are often prescribed daily to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), improve heart function, and in some cases, prompt kidney function.
As of March 24, 2020, the American Heart Association (AHA), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), and the Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) strongly recommend that people taking these medications should continue to do so, even if they become infected with the coronavirus. There is little human research to show that ACE and ARBs medications actually worsen lung function during respiratory infections. As well, stopping your ACE or ARBs places you at greater risk of complications. In the case of an infection, untreated hypertension and decreased heart function can strain your cardiovascular system.
As of now, nobody taking regular medication – especially for heart or lung disease – is recommended to stop these treatments. If you have concerns, speak to a trusted healthcare provider.
In Case of Infection, Rely on Reputable Sources
Ultimately, not much is known and new information is emerging daily about coronavirus. During this time, ensure you are seeking information about the management of COVID-19 from reputable sources. Turning to the WHO for regular updates is a particularly great strategy. Do not seek health information from social media outlets like a Facebook post or WhatsApp message. Seemingly casual speculation can likewise perpetuate rumors and false knowledge. (3)
If you develop signs of COVID-19 rely on your local health authority. Common signs of coronavirus include fever, sore throat, cough, aches, congestion, a tight chest, and shortness of breath. It is important that we follow information coming from health experts, governments, and researchers in the coming days.
